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igbo language
Igbo (; ;〔Laurie Bauer, 2007, ''The Linguistics Student's Handbook'', Edinburgh〕 archaically Ibo )〔 (Igbo: ''Asụsụ Igbo''), is the principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria. There are approximately 24 million speakers, who live mostly in Nigeria and are primarily of Igbo descent. Igbo is written in the Latin script, which was introduced by British colonialists.
There are over 20 Igbo dialects. There is apparently a degree of dialect levelling occurring. A standard literary language was developed in 1972 based on the Owerri (Isuama) and Umuahia (such as Ohuhu) dialects, though it omits the nasalization and aspiration of those varieties. There are related Igboid languages as well that are sometimes considered dialects of Igbo, the most divergent being Ekpeye. Some of these, such as Ika, have separate standard forms. Igbo is also a recognised minority language of Equatorial Guinea.
== History ==
The first book to publish Igbo words was ''History of the Mission of the Evangelical Brothers in the Caribbean'' ((ドイツ語:Geschichte der Mission der Evangelischen Brüder auf den Carabischen Inseln)), published in 1777. Shortly afterwards in 1789, ''The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano'' was published in London, England, written by Olaudah Equiano, a former slave, featuring 79 Igbo words.〔 The narrative also illustrated various aspects of Igbo life based in detail, based on Olaudah Equiano's experiences in his hometown of Essaka.
Central Igbo, the dialect form gaining widest acceptance, is based on the dialects of two members of the Ezinihitte group of Igbo in Central Owerri Province between the towns of Owerri and Umuahia, Eastern Nigeria. From its proposal as a literary form in 1939 by Dr. Ida C. Ward, it was gradually accepted by missionaries, writers, and publishers across the region. In 1972, the Society for Promoting Igbo Language and Culture (SPILC), a nationalist organisation which saw Central Igbo as an imperialist exercise, set up a Standardisation Committee to extend Central Igbo to be a more inclusive language. Standard Igbo aims to cross-pollinate Central Igbo with words from Igbo dialects from outside the "Central" areas, and with the adoption of loan words.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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